背景介绍
一次实验中需要安装python-etcd包。安装这个包时要求的python和pip版本比目前系统的版本高。
系统是centos6.6 64位
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | [root@minion01 ~] # uname -r 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 [root@minion01 ~] # uname -m x86_64 [root@minion01 ~] # cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.6 (Final) [root@minion01 ~] # |
使用pip安装python-ectd包时提示命令找不到，需要先安装python-pip，pip是python的包管理工具
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@minion01 ~] # pip install python-etcd - bash : pip: command not found [root@minion01 ~] # yum install python-pip -y Installed: python-pip.noarch 0:7.1.0-1.el6 此处省略安装过程 [root@minion01 ~] # |
继续安装python-ectd，提示pip版本太低，需要先升级pip。
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | [root@minion01 ~] # pip install python-etcd /usr/lib/python2 .6 /site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_ .py:90: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https: //urllib3 .readthedocs.org /en/latest/security .html #insecureplatformwarning. InsecurePlatformWarning You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 9.0.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command . Collecting python-etcd /usr/lib/python2 .6 /site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_ .py:90: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https: //urllib3 .readthedocs.org /en/latest/security .html #insecureplatformwarning. InsecurePlatformWarning Downloading python-etcd-0.4.3. tar .gz Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>" , line 20, in <module> File "/tmp/pip-build-dByULi/python-etcd/setup.py" , line 12, in <module> if sys.version_info.major == 2: AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'major' ---------------------------------------- Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-dByULi/python-etcd |
按照上面的提示先升级pip
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | [root@minion01 ~] # pip install --upgrade pip You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 9.0.1 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command . /usr/lib/python2 .6 /site-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_ .py:90: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. <br>This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https: //urllib3 .readthedocs.org /en/latest/security .html #insecureplatformwarning. InsecurePlatformWarning Collecting pip Downloading pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 46kB /s Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 7.1.0 Uninstalling pip-7.1.0: Successfully uninstalled pip-7.1.0 Successfully installed pip-9.0.1 |
继续执行命令，提示python版本太低
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | [root@minion01 ~] # pip install python-etcd DEPRECATION: Python 2.6 is no longer supported by the Python core team, please upgrade your Python. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.6 Collecting python-etcd Using cached python-etcd-0.4.3. tar .gz Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>" , line 1, in <module> File "/tmp/pip-build-okuCUU/python-etcd/setup.py" , line 12, in <module> if sys.version_info.major == 2: AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'major' ---------------------------------------- Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-okuCUU/python-etcd/ |
查看当前系统默认的python版本
| 1 2 | [root@minion01 ~] # python -V Python 2.6.6 |
下载并解压python2.7.10
新建一个tools目录用于存放下载的tar包，下载并解压，命令如下
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@minion01 ~] # mkdir /tools -p [root@minion01 ~] # cd /tools [root@minion01 tools] # wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/Python-2.7.10.tar.xz [root@minion01 tools] # unxz Python-2.7.10.tar.xz [root@minion01 tools] # tar -xf Python-2.7.10.tar [root@minion01 tools] # cd Python-2.7.10 |
配置编译参数
| 1 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # ./configure --enable-shared --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions --with-zlib |
修改一个文件
| 1 2 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # vim ./Modules/Setup 找到 #zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz去掉注释并保存，然后进行编译和安装 |
编译和安装
| 1 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # make && make install |
查看安装后的结果，备份原先的可执行文件，给新的文件做软链接
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # ll /usr/local/bin/ total 48 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 101 Dec 19 13:29 2to3 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 99 Dec 19 13:29 idle -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 84 Dec 19 13:29 pydoc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Dec 19 13:29 python -> python2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec 19 13:29 python2 -> python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9776 Dec 19 13:29 python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1687 Dec 19 13:29 python2.7-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 19 13:29 python2-config -> python2.7-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 19 13:29 python-config -> python2-config -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18547 Dec 19 13:29 smtpd.py [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_bak [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python |
再次查看版本，遇到如下报错，修改配置文件
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # python -V python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython2.7.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file : No such file or directory <br>编辑配置文件，添加新的一行内容 /usr/local/lib ，保存退出 [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # vim /etc/ld.so.conf<br><br>查看添加后的结果，在第一行 [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # cat /etc/ld.so.conf /usr/local/lib include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf<br><br>执行ldconfig加载配置 [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # ldconfig<br><br>再次执行查看版本命令，正确显示 [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # python -V Python 2.7.10 |
再次执行安装python-ectd，有报错。pip有问题
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@minion01 tools] # pip install python-etcd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pip" , line 7, in <module> from pip import main ImportError: No module named pip [root@minion01 tools] # |
为了解决上面问题，手动安装pip，依次执行下面命令
| 1 2 3 4 5 | [root@minion01 Python-2.7.10] # cd .. [root@minion01 tools] # wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py [root@minion01 tools] # python get-pip.py [root@minion01 tools] # mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip_bak [root@minion01 tools] # ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip2.7 /usr/bin/pip |
再次安装python-ectd，成功执行
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | 再次安装python-etcd，成功了 [root@minion01 tools] # pip install python-etcd Collecting python-etcd Using cached python-etcd-0.4.3. tar .gz Collecting urllib3>=1.7.1 (from python-etcd) Downloading urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (104kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 65kB /s Collecting dnspython (from python-etcd) Downloading dnspython-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (177kB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 184kB 68kB /s Building wheels for collected packages: python-etcd Running setup.py bdist_wheel for python-etcd ... done Stored in directory: /root/ .cache /pip/wheels/a4/72/72/513173535d5ec25c11dbb53ce7c53c92746bff62b362a402a7 Successfully built python-etcd Installing collected packages: urllib3, dnspython, python-etcd Successfully installed dnspython-1.15.0 python-etcd-0.4.3 urllib3-1.19.1 [root@minion01 tools] # |